Cervical cancer is a cancer that begins in the cervix, the part of the uterus or womb that opens into the vagina. It is the part of the uterus that dilates and opens fully to allow a baby to pass into the birth canal. The normal cervix has two main types of cells: squamous (or flat) cells, which protect the outside of the cervix, and glandular cells which are mostly inside the cervix, and produce the fluid and mucus commonly seen during ovulation.
A person may not have any symptoms until the cells turn into cancer and invade the deepest parts of the cervix or other pelvic organs. These symptoms include:
• Vaginal discharge
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding
• Vaginal odor
• Pain
Cervical cancer usually affects patients between the ages of 30 and 55 but remember it can affect any person with a cervix who has not been screened in a long time or has symptoms. Be sure you are up to date on your testing and encourage others to do the same.
When a woman experiences concerning symptoms, a pelvic exam, including a rectovaginal exam, and a general physical should be performed. If the exam is abnormal, the woman might be advised to undergo extra testing such as a more specific HPV test, a colposcopy (observing the cervix through a magnifying scope), and a biopsy, depending on the results of the colposcopy. If cervical cancer is suspected or diagnosed, it is important to seek care first from a gynecologic oncologist.
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Jo's Cervical Cancer Trust is the UK’s leading cervical cancer charity. We provide trustworthy information and support to everyone who needs us, and campaign for the best in cervical cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care. Our vision is of a day where cervical cancer is a thing of the past."
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